The Land of Strict Embargoes

If Alabama had to choose a secular saint, I suspect it would be Harper Lee (1926-2016), the author of To Kill a Mockingbird. She only published the one novel, and a few other things along the way. So, it came as a bit of a surprise when HarperCollins announced the upcoming publication of a selection of Lee’s previously published and “newly discovered” writing under the title, The Land of Sweet Forever. And that’s about all we know.

I explore the upcoming book, and posthumous publications in general, in an essay for First Draft, the quarterly publication of Alabama Writers’ Forum. Read it here:

Land of Strict Embargoes

Civility

The switch on the bedside lamp stopped working a few days ago. It seemed like a simple enough repair and even I, who have never been a handyman, thought I could fix it. I took the lamp to the kitchen table and took it apart. I knew what was wrong – something in the switch would not catch – but after messing with the workings for a bit, I decided I needed a professional and reassembled the lamp.

I had noticed a sign in the neighborhood hardware store window that said “Professional Lamp Repair” so I put the lamp in the car and decided to check that out the next time I was in the neighborhood. That morning, after a doctor’s appointment, I swung by the hardware store and asked if they still did lamp repairs (the sign wasn’t in the window). They did, and I went back to the car to retrieve the lamp. The clerk took my name and phone number and told me the lamp repair guy might be in later that day and, if not, he’d be in on Thursday. They’d call when my lamp was ready.

A couple of hours later, the phone rang and the guy on the phone told me my lamp was ready. I happened to be running errands in the area and told him I would be by within the next half hour.

“You need to stop by the bank on the way,” he said. “It’s gonna cost you $1.61.”

I laughed and told him I’d see him soon.

Twenty minutes later, I walked into the store and a couple of guys were standing behind the counter. I told them my name and the guy who had repaired the lamp turned and took it off the shelf while I took out my wallet.

The repairman said, “$1.61.”

I had a five in the wallet. “Here, take five,” I said, “for your trouble.” I gave the five to the guy at the register who took the bill and opened the register.

“It was no trouble,” the repairman said, “and it only costs $1.61.” Meanwhile, the other guy was standing there, holding my five-dollar bill. The repairman turned to him and said, “Give him his change.”

I insisted but he countered that I only owed $1.61 so I relented, took my change and the lamp, thanked him, and headed for the door. A simple act had earned this customer’s loyalty.

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A moment of civility. It made my day. And I felt better the rest of the day because of it. I keep thinking about why I was so impacted by such a small but decent and honest gesture. Then I started thinking about the world around us and how rare a decent, honest, and civil gesture has become in a world driven by hate, greed, and division – when the sorriest role models are those who are supposed to be in charge.

It’s time to set a new standard. Practice civility. Seek it out. Vote for it. And find out what a difference a simple gesture can make.

A Place at the Table: John T. Edge and House of Smoke

Sometime around the turn of the century, I was at my parents’ house over the 4th of July holiday. I had travelled in from wherever I was living at the time. They had friends – a pair of married young attorneys – who lived in the neighborhood. My contact with this couple was minimal, but my parents spoke highly of them.

The wife called my mother to invite her and Dad over for dinner on the night of the 4th. Mother told her that I was in town and asked if I could come along. She said I could (what else could she say?) and, even though I didn’t really want to, I tagged along. After all, I was sort of invited and felt it would be rude not to go.

When we got there, there were the couple’s two daughters and some other guests, including one person I knew in a roundabout way. When it was time to gather for dinner, the hosts said “Let’s see where we can put Edward” and made a bit of a show of pulling in a small table and setting it at the end of the dining table with a smaller chair to match. It occurred to me at the time that they might have saved room by just pulling an extra chair up to the big table.

Memory is a strange thing and I have wondered how much of this I might have exaggerated in my head, but the description I have seems pretty accurate. Let me add that I was not a kid; I was in my forties at the time so the whole situation was embarrassing and uncomfortable. I wasn’t sure how I might have offended these people – I barely knew them – but they made it clear that there was no place at their table for me.

When the meal was over, I helped move my little table out of the way, thanked the hosts, pled a headache, and walked back to my parents’ house. I was happy that we had Dad’s barbecue for lunch so the day was not a total disappointment.

And now, I confess that I can hold a grudge.

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A couple of decades later, in the summer of 2020 during the pandemic, a friend emailed me “Have you seen this yet?” with a New York Times article attached. The article’s title was “A White Gatekeeper of Southern Food Faces Calls to Resign.” In it, journalist Kim Severson explores a move by a cadre of members of Southern Foodways Alliance, of which I was a contributing member, to oust the SFA’s founding director, John T. Edge. Reading the article, I do not exaggerate when I say I got physically ill.

The main complaint seemed to be that Edge is a white man at the head of an organization that explores the range of what constitutes the food of the American South in all its complexity and constant transformation. People that I only knew about because of John T. Edge and SFA were making weird and sometimes unhinged accusations.

An Indian American chef who had been part of SFA’s “Brown in the South” outreach to give broader exposure to Indian foods and foodways in the American South, groused that she was “a prop in what felt like a dog-and-pony show.” I grimaced when I read that because I had recently eaten this woman’s cooking, vowing to give Indian cuisine – which I had never really warmed up to (it’s a texture thing) – another go, mainly because of the advocacy of SFA.

Another person, who had spoken at an SFA symposium, felt demeaned that she had spoken behind a lectern “created to look like a stove.” I used to attend SFA symposia and there was often a clever touch decorating the lectern and the podium on which it stood. I find no insult or sexism in stove imagery at a food symposium.

Ronni Lundy, an Appalachian food writer and founding member of SFA, seemed to be a prime mover in calls for Edge’s resignation. Her charges seemed to be based on allegations of sexism. I have no apparent right to comment on that since I am a white male. I can only say that from my privileged position, it seemed like Edge’s writings and recommendations appeared to spotlight as many, if not more, women and minorities. I would never have known who Ronni Lundy is if not for John T. Edge, nor would I have bought her cookbook. It was hurtful to read spiteful comments about a man I liked and respected from those who would have probably never been known to me without him. If he was the “gatekeeper,” the gates always seemed open wide.

And that is where my anger comes in. I became a supporter of Southern Foodways Alliance because it set a place at a large and welcoming table for all of us. John T. Edge, as the primary face and spokesperson for the organization, introduced us, through his stewardship as well as his books and writing for other publications, to a more complete, diverse, and equitable understanding of what it means to be Southern – and what it means to eat for connection as well as sustenance. His show, “True South,” for ESPN and the SEC Network, travels the region and shows us the contrasts and connections ever-present in our food places and food habits. I discovered foods and sought out restaurants I might never have known about because of John T. and SFA. There were more places at more tables than I realized.

I have had the good fortune to be present at table and have conversations with John T. Edge over the years, to the point that I consider him a friend. I am always impressed with his graciousness, his humor, his warm and open demeanor, and his prodigious memory. The first time we met in person, at a dinner in the Shoals, he recalled an essay I had submitted to Gravy, the SFA quarterly, about a family peach farm in Chilton County, Alabama. (The essay was rejected, but John T. suggested places I ought to submit it.)

So, when that New York Times article came out, I emailed John T. to extend good wishes and commiserate. His response was gracious, grounded, and reasonable – no anger or bitterness came through – and I felt better after I heard from him. Some of my own anger went away as I decided to sit tight and see what happened next.

Over time, John T. and the University of Mississippi (which houses SFA) came to an agreement and John T. moved on from his SFA leadership – a move that he had been planning, actually, prior to the New York Times article.

In my subsequent message to SFA, canceling my membership and asking to be removed from all their mailing lists, I wrote that it was clear that there was no longer a place at their table for me.

I confess that I can hold a grudge.

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John T. Edge has just released his memoir, House of Smoke: A Southerner Goes Searching for Home (Crown Publishing). It is an unrestrained examination of himself, his family, and the places and events that have brought him to this point in his life. It is occasionally surprising and shocking – it turns out John T. has a knack for keeping things close to the vest.

House of Smoke is gracious, open-minded, and self-examining as it traces a life from a historic, crumbling antebellum house to the Animal House life of a University of Georgia frat to stints in the corporate world, to academic life at Oxford and Ole Miss and the actualization of a life’s calling. It is warm, forgiving, and humane. Despite distractions, I was able to read and savor the book in the course of a day. The book’s reach is wide as Edge considers family, foodways, class, race, betrayal, forgiveness, and what it means to be of the South. It’s a lovely and honest book that I highly recommend.

In House of Smoke, John T. writes soberly, fairly, and bluntly about his severance from Southern Foodways Alliance. He discusses the support he received and the ways in which he, his wife Blair Hobbs, and their son adapted to the change. When writing about ceremonial ways in which he and Blair memorialized the break, I smiled and gave out a silent cheer when I read “In our backyard firepit, I burned a cookbook by Ronni Lundy.” That pleased me.

I confess that I can still hold a grudge.

Lulu

  Lulu longed to talk more than any dog I’ve ever known. She watched carefully and would look me in the eyes and make this low guttural sound. I realized she was trying to talk. It reminded me of when I was a kid and tried to imitate foreign accents. I didn’t know the words, but I would talk gibberish and strive to get the sound right.

Over time, when Lulu needed to talk, I would just sit and have a chat with her. She’d make her sounds and I would respond. She tilted her head to the side and listened and when I stopped, she’d make her sounds again. It was usually a very serious discussion. When she was satisfied, she’d lean over and lick my hand or jump down and lick a toe if I was barefoot, wag her tail, and move on to the next thing.

Lulu was my mother’s dog, but I have been with her almost nonstop for the past three and a half years – and frequently for five years before that. We had to let her go Wednesday night. Her vet, who assured us her practice didn’t do this service for other patients, brought her home. Mother held her for a while and then I held her, sitting in her favorite chair with her favorite stuffed toys and people she loved and who loved her around – Mom, me, and the vet, who had come to love her, too.  I talked to Lulu through two final injections about the squirrels she’d chase, the crows she’d run away from the bird feeders, and what a good girl she was. And she was.

She had her eyes focused on me and they did not close when she went on to the next thing. It was peaceful. It was horrible.

She was a happy, active chihuahua until ten days before she died. One morning, she had an accident in the house and when I was cleaning it up I saw that it was mostly blood. She went to the vet who tested her, said it was treatable, and began treatment. A few days later, Lulu was recovering nicely. On the morning of the day we were going to bring her home, she had a stroke. They say strokes in dogs are rare but that some make a full or at least partial recovery. We got a couple of promising daily reports and then Lulu began to decline. By Wednesday, the vet decided it was time. And it was.

Chihuahuas get a bad rap and I used to be guilty. I worked with a director once, a short guy with a bad attitude who yapped constantly. I nicknamed him “Chihuahua.” I regret that and apologize to the entire Chihuahua community. Lulu would yap when she got excited, usually when she was happy about something, but most of the time she was quiet. Once, Mother almost fell and a visiting neighbor jumped up to help her; Lulu misunderstood what was happening and made a mad and excitable dash for the neighbor. I appreciated that Lulu was coming to the aid of her person but the neighbor, a cat lady, never returned. And I will never disparage another chihuahua – the three that my parents have had – Pepe, Clover, and Lulu – were fine, smart, and noble creatures.

If Lulu heard lightning, or if it rained hard, she would wander around the house until she found a haven, usually in a closet or bedroom. She never sat and ate a meal. She would nibble delicately throughout the day. If she was going out or for a walk, she would grab a few bites of kibble in her mouth, delicately place them on the floor, and eat them one by one. She had a keen sense of smell and would roam the backyard, following the scent of creatures who had wandered through – a rabbit, a raccoon, an opossum, a runaway ferret one time, a tortoise, the neighborhood cat who taunted her from the fence post. She knew there was a chipmunk who lived under the storage shed in the backyard and never went out without sniffing at the place where the chipmunk burrowed under. On walks, she would stop and sniff anything with a scent. The jasmine at a mailbox down the street was a particular favorite.

She was a bit of a snob with other dogs, especially other small ones, but she developed the occasional crush on big dogs that lived in the neighborhood. She had raised a litter of puppies not long before she came to live with Mother. We always suspected that she missed her puppies, especially the one they called “P.J.” that had stayed with her until she was given to Mom. One day, on a neighborhood walk, she spotted a chihuahua puppy in a yard and pulled on her leash until I took her over. She gently nuzzled and licked that puppy for several minutes. I had a hard time getting her to leave it. I suspect she was remembering her own lost pups.

Lulu hated me at first. She would have nothing to do with me. In her mind, she thought I was the person who took her away from her people and puppy. She wouldn’t let me near and would bark fiercely if I approached. Somewhere along the way, she decided I was okay, and we were close from then on. She was an intuitive girl. If voices were raised, even if it wasn’t in anger, she would quietly leave the room and seek shelter in a cozy corner; I suspected that might have been a holdover from her previous owners. When I was down or upset, she seemed to always know and would climb up and lay her head in my lap and stroke my hand with her paw.

She’s gone now and Mom is already talking about getting another dog. I’d prefer to give it a break for a while, but it’s her house. Lulu came to think of it as Lulu’s house.

And it was.

Lulu and the Tortoise

Notes under the August Sky

I learned something this week that I never imagined before. What is referred to as “ground clutter” in weather radar is often, this time of year, showing migrating birds at night. I wasn’t sure I heard correctly so I looked it up. I found several reports from all over that attributed the radar images to millions of migrating birds flying toward the Gulf of Mexico in the dark of night. In fact, I learned that the other ground clutter can be filtered out to give an accurate view of the birds. A few nights ago, the night sky was filled. Further research found evidence of mass early-season avian immigration throughout the eastern United States. For me, it was one of those who knew? moments.

No matter how I try, the Spring plantings that I took such pride in “look like August” after the harsh heat of July and August. Plants that once bloomed prolifically look a little spare, the petunias (which I never really cared for to begin with) are faded and leggy. Even the Peggy Martin “Katrina” rose looked like it might die a few days ago; it’s springing fresh leaves again and might still manage a fall bloom. The lantana soldiers on but didn’t flower quite as much in the hottest heat; that’s okay, since I like the citrusy fragrance of lantana leaves even more than the flowers. I still have a hard time believing that lantana is an invasive species elsewhere. The hibiscus, a slow starter, seems to flourish in the heat.

The three pottings on the front porch don’t miss a beat unless I miss a watering. The sweet potato vines are swallowing that corner. I planned to prune it back but my mom likes it “as is” so I leave it alone. The volunteer caladium in one of those pots enhances the sweet potato vine and begonia sharing space. I used to explain that it was a happy accident but now I just smile and thank passersby for the compliment. I probably couldn’t repeat that accidental planting next year if I tried.

After much pruning, weeding, and sweet talk, the ageless wild rose in the backyard, taken from a cutting of my grandfather’s “mother” plant years ago, looked grim but  pushed out a couple of blooms recently and looks like it might live to bloom another year. Another cutting from that mother plant flourished in the backyard of my house in north Alabama. When I sold the house to move back to Birmingham, I left a note for the incoming residents explaining the long history of that rose in hopes that they would keep it there and alive, but I doubt they did.

We’re going through a faux fall for a few days here. The temperatures are unseasonably moderate and humidity is down. These portents of fall are a break from brutal heat, but I’m already regretting the shorter days.

The quality of the “light in August” into September has long fascinated me. I don’t remember which came first – my notice of the August sunlight or my reading of the Faulkner novel that gave it a name. It’s a clear sky, often adorned by what I call “biblical clouds” – the fluffy pure white piles of cloud sitting majestically in the vivid sky. I started calling them “biblical clouds” because they remind me of the skies in the illustrations of Renaissance paintings that always seemed to be in those large family Bibles that were once sold door-to-door. The light, the shadows, the breeze all work together to create an otherworldly feel. It’s not there all the time, but when it happens, it stops me in my tracks and often creates magnificent sunsets.

Remember in elementary school when we would stick balls of cotton on a skyscape to represent clouds? Looking at these clouds, I’ve figured out why I never got my desired effect — why it just looked like a cotton ball plopped down on a piece of paper. Now, if I were back in elementary school, I think I’d  shred the cotton ball a little and carefully spread it across the sky …  Yeah, that would work.

Today’s Sunset from Shades Mountain

“Bloodied, Gloriously Fecund Land”

New Yorker staff writer Alexis Okeowo, who was raised in Montgomery, Alabama, has just published Blessings and Disasters: A Story of Alabama. “Many Alabamians seem tired of being told who they are and what they want,” she writes. She tells stories of a wide range of Alabamians , their challenges, and their triumphs.

I had the great pleasure of reviewing Blessings and Disasters for Alabama Writers’ Forum. I enthusiastically recommend it as a portrait of our nation at a pivotal moment. Here’s the review:

Blessings and Disasters

Book Review: Robert Bailey’s political thriller, The Boomerang

Robert Bailey’s new thriller, The Boomerang, raises issues that the reader may think about long after the book is over. But it is also a fun read with an imaginative plot and surprises on every page. The stakes are high, the plot is sobering, and the thrills are plenty. 

I recently reviewed The Boomerang for Alabama Writers’ Forum.

The Boomerang

A Native’s New Orleans

“She may not have seen it all, but she’s seen a lot of it,” I say in my review of Brooke Champagne’s Nola Face. Champagne, an Ecuadorian-French-Sicilian-American, is from New Orleans and explores her eventful life beyond the streetcar lines and tourism districts of her colorful home. My full review for Alabama Writers’ Forum is here:

Nola Face

Notes on a Century of Gatsby

The university where I taught was hosting a mini-symposium about F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby in conjunction with the local library and the National Endowment for the Arts. I was the moderator and had gathered the participants for a planning session before the event. At some point in the conversation, I casually stated that I thought the Twenties would have been an exciting time to be alive.

There was a moment, and then one of the professors muttered, “As long as you were white.” Another chimed in, “… and a man.”

I was chastened and kept my mouth shut. However, some of my favorite writers were publishing in the 1920s – William Faulkner, T.S. Eliot, Gertrude Stein, etc. George Gershwin was composing. The Harlem Renaissance highlighted the talents of Hughes and Hurston and so many others. The New Yorker magazine was founded, and modern art was bursting forth. Speaking strictly for myself, I still think it would have been an inspiring time to be alive (if only one could maneuver a way to exit prior to the Great Depression).

And in 1925, F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby was published. I try to stop myself from writing about my ritual of reading F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby on every Summer Solstice. But since much commotion heralded the centennial of that enduring novel in April of this year, I need to address my ritual once more. It began in high school when we were assigned Gatsby in an American lit class. I think that’s a good age to read the book for the first time – a time when adult thoughts are edging out the preoccupations of childhood and adolescence, when many are just getting an inkling of what romantic love might be all about. Cynicism hasn’t yet taken hold.

In the book, Daisy muses that she always looks forward to the longest day of the year and then forgets it when it comes. “We ought to plan something,” her friend Jordan dreamily says. For some reason – mainly because I always looked for the longest day of the year and then forgot about it until it was past – I thought I should plan to read The Great Gatsby on the longest day of the year.

And so I did. I am prone to such plans and then letting them slide away, but I have stuck to the reading Gatsby thing. By my calculations – I might have missed a year somewhere along the way – I have read Gatsby annually, and on the same day, for over half of the hundred years since its publication.

Over the years, it never gets old; there’s always a new moment or turn of phrase to discover. I look forward to the Summer Solstice just because I know I will be revisiting the Eggs of Long Island. As I grow older, Gatsby grows in meaning and grace. Over time, my waning tolerance for the arrogance and wealth of Tom and Daisy Buchanan has decreased and James Gatz of North Dakota has begun to look increasingly foolish and naïve in his quixotic quest. I understand how careless Jordan Baker could inspire a fleeting adolescent crush in any number of grown men. (When Tom is in the middle of one of his racist rants, Jordan breezily shuts him down with “We’re all white here.”)  I feel sorry for the Wilsons – Myrtle and George – and think that we all have known marriages like theirs, one way or the other. And now, when I read the book, I think They’re all so young.

But of all of them, it is Nick Carraway, the narrator, whose voice I most enjoy visiting once a year. I sort of trust him when he says he is one of the “few honest people that I have ever known,” although anyone who would say that about himself is already suspect (it’s kind of like declaring yourself a “stable genius”).

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I underline passages in books, although I have always done it sparingly, like a standing ovation. Each time I read Gatsby I linger over lines and passages I underlined in past summers. Sometimes it makes perfect sense; other times, I think Why did that catch my attention? Occasionally, it takes me right to a certain place in my life and I know what prompted those words to grab me at that specific time. At one point in the book, Nick realizes that it is his thirtieth birthday and the “portentous, menacing road of a new decade. … the promise of a decade of loneliness, a thinning list of single men to know, a thinning briefcase of enthusiasm, thinning hair.” I can tell you exactly when I underlined that passage. I have gone through several paperbacks of The Great Gatsby since my ritual began. I keep them even after they fall apart and are replaced. One remaining copy was damaged after it was thrown up into the air to avoid an incoming wave on a beach somewhere. It avoided the surge, but not the saltwater.

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On those first readings of The Great Gatsby, I was not aware of Fitzgerald’s Alabama connections. Zelda Sayre was a new name to me. It was only after Fitzgerald’s daughter, Scottie, came to speak to my sophomore lit class, that I began to realize the significance of Alabama in the Fitzgerald biography. It was while he was stationed in Montgomery that Scott and Zelda met. Later, in 1931 and 1932, when they briefly rented a house in Montgomery’s Cloverdale neighborhood, Zelda worked on her novel, Save Me the Waltz, and Scott wrote part of Tender Is the Night. Their daughter, Scottie Fitzgerald Lanahan, moved to Alabama around the time she spoke to my class. She became active in social advocacy and politics in Alabama later in life, partially to atone for some of the Jim Crow legislation of her prominent politician grandfather, and spent her final years in her mother’s hometown.

Anyone familiar with Fitzgerald’s story will recognize the influence of Zelda on Scott’s writing, and especially in his creation of Daisy Buchanan in Gatsby. Zelda famously said, “Mr. Fitzgerald — I believe that is how he spells his name — seems to believe that plagiarism begins at home.”

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One of Andy Kaufman’s most frustrating stunts was when he decided to read The Great Gatsby to an audience. He would start reading in a sonorous voice and he would not stop. Audiences would catcall and scream for him to stop and he would taunt them, threatening that if they did not quieten down, he would stop reading. They would persist, but he would not stop. Eventually, after his reading had taken the audience beyond the breaking point, he told them if they did not stop, he would have to play the recording he brought. As the audience pleads for him to play the recording, he finally puts down the book and cues up the record – a recording of Andy Kaufman reading The Great Gatsby.

It’s a brilliant piece and, in its building tension and absurdity, there is an underlying truth. The Great Gatsby is so beautifully written, the words are so crisp and precise, that I always want to read passages aloud just to hear the words. Kaufman picked up on that urge and his madcap stunt shows just how outrageous and cloyingly precious it is to force people to listen.

Kaufman’s stunt aside, the theatre ensemble called Elevator Repair Service won massive acclaim and made its reputation with a production called Gatz in which The Great Gatsby is performed, word for word, from start to finish. Set in a drab office, a bored office worker pulls out a copy of Gatsby and begins to read it aloud. The other workers begin to recite the text – in its entirety – and play the various characters, all in their office setting. The performance lasted eight hours including two short breaks, an intermission, and a dinner break. It was a hit and has been toured and revived by Elevator Repair Service several times since its 1999 premiere. It probably sounds like torture to many — as torturous as that Kaufman bit  — but, given the opportunity, I would happily sit through Gatz.

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There is one passage in Gatsby that I always ponder; it never ceases to intrigue me and is one of many moments that feeds my deep affection for the story. It comes at the end of Chapter VI after Gatsby opens up to Nick about his Daisy obsession. Nick notes that despite Gatsby’s

… appalling sentimentality, I was reminded of something – an elusive rhythm, a fragment of lost words, that I had heard somewhere a long time ago. For a moment a phrase tried to take shape in my mouth and my lips parted like a dumb man’s … But they made no sound, and what I had almost remembered was uncommunicable forever.

That moment passes; it’s not referenced again. No other writer has so effectively captured that moment of something “on the tip of the tongue” that is almost there and disappears, never to return. I am not sure that any other writer has tried.